| Enterprise Risk Management at Royal Bank of Canada |  | 
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 Case Details:
 
 Case Code : ERMT-017
 Case Length : 13 Pages
 Period : 2003
 Pub Date : 2003
 Teaching Note :Not Available
 Organization : Royal Bank of Canada
 Industry : Banking
 Countries : Canada
 
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 << Previous Background Note Contd...
	
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RBC opened offices in the UK in 1979 and in West Germany, Puerto Rico, and the 
Bahamas in 1980. As Canada's banking rules relaxed, RBC bought Dominion 
Securities in 1987. The US Federal Reserve approved RBC's brokerage arm for 
participation in stock underwriting in 1991. 
 In 1992, RBC faced a $650 million loss after backing the Reichmann family's 
Olympia & York property development company, which failed under the weight of 
its UK projects. The next year RBC bought Royal Trustco, Canada's #2 trust 
company, and Voyageur Travel Insurance, its largest retail travel insurer.
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A management shakeup in late 1994 ended with bank president John Cleghorn taking 
control of the company.
 In 1995 RBC was listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The next year, it joined 
with Heller Financial (an affiliate of Japan's Fuji Bank) to finance trade 
between Canada and Mexico. It began offering PC home banking in 1996 and 
Internet banking in 1997. That year RBC became one of the world's largest 
securities-custody service providers with its acquisition of The Bank of Nova 
Scotia's institutional and pension custody operations.
 
	
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			RBC and Bank of Montreal agreed to merge in 1998, but Canadian 
			regulators, fearing the concentration of banking power seen in the 
			US, rejected the merger. In response, the bank slashed its workforce 
			and implemented a sale-leaseback of its property portfolio (1999).
			
 In the late 1990s, RBC grew its online presence by purchasing the 
			Internet banking operations of Security First Network Bank; the 
			online trading division of Bull & Bear Group (1999); and a 20% stake 
			in AOL Canada (1999). It bought several trust and fiduciary services 
			businesses from Ernst & Young.
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In 2000, RBC bought US mortgager Prism Financial and the Canadian retail credit 
card business of BANK ONE. RBC also sold its commercial credit portfolio to U.S. 
Bancorp and bought the insurance subsidiaries of South Carolina-based Liberty 
Corporation to boost its US operations... 
 
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