Information Technology and Systems
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Chapter 15 : MIS in Specialized Areas
MIS in Government Organizations
MIS in Non-Profit Organizations
Information System Applications in NPOs
Challenges Faced by NPOs
Information Systems at CRY
MIS in Managing Corporate Performance
MIS in Managing Projects
Project Management Information Systems (PMIS)
Project Management at XIMB
MIS in Online Marketplaces
One-to-Many Marketplaces
Aggregator Hubs
Broker Hubs
Collaboration Hubs
Translator Hubs
True Many-to-Many Marketplaces
Chapter Summary
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IT has offered several opportunities as well as posed challenges to the
commercial and the government organizations. The development of computer
systems has made the processes of data collection, storage, retrieval, and
manipulation easier in commercial as well as government organizations.
Commercial organizations have been making use of the ICTs in order to bring
out new and innovative products and services and to satisfy their customers.
Of late, government organizations too have realized the importance of
technology and have started employing it in carrying out their functions.
Information systems help in enhancing the efficiency and goodwill of an
organization. They provide a competitive advantage to the organization and
help in differentiating it from other similar organizations. Unlike
profit-oriented organizations, NPOs have traditionally been considered as
having a scarcity of funds and as laggards in responding in a timely manner
to the changes in the environment due to little or no competition. |
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Contrary to this view, modern day NPOs are as active as the profit-oriented
organizations and are actively making use of IT, especially in the field of
communication.
Initially, organizations assessed their performance on a monthly basis. But
with the introduction of information systems, there is a demand for an
integrated organization in which the various management techniques are
combined with the management processes like budgeting, forecasting,
reporting, etc. All these developments have paved the way for the
development of a concept called corporate performance management. It is a
management discipline that defines the processes, methods, metrics, and
systems that are required for managing the performance of the organization.
Projects have specific requirements in terms of planning, control,
procurement, and delegation of decision-making authority, reporting, and
other administrative activities. These needs can be met through specific and
dedicated systems and procedures. A Project Management Information System (PMIS)
helps in planning, scheduling, and tracking the various tasks and procedures
involved in those projects.
Online trading has transformed the way in which business was traditionally
conducted. It is a method through which purchase and sale of goods and/or
services takes place through the Internet. There are six different types of
online exchanges. These are one-to-many marketplaces, aggregator hubs,
broker hubs, collaboration hubs, translator hubs, and true many-to-many
marketplaces. With online trading, individuals can now go to the websites of
online trading firms and decide upon their investments.
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Short Case Studies / Caselets