Introduction to Management

Chapter Summary

The HRM process includes five basic activities (1) human resource planning, (2) staffing (3) training and development, (4) performance appraisal and (5) compensation.

HR planning is designed to ensure that the personnel needs of the organization will be constantly and appropriately met. HR planning involves three steps: (1) forecasting manpower demand, (2) forecasting manpower supply, and (3) human resource actions. Staffing is an integral part of the HRM process. It is a set of activities aimed at attracting and selecting workers for the purpose of achievement of the organization's goals.

The two basic steps involved in staffing are recruitment and selection. The recruitment process begins with finding and attempting to attract candidates who are suitable for filling job vacancies. The recruitment process involves five steps: (1) performing job analysis, (2) designing job description, (3) identifying job specification, (4) attracting a pool of recruits, and (5) selecting the best recruits.

Recruitment can be conducted internally as well as from external sources. Internal recruitment is the process of finding potential internal candidates (present employees) and encouraging them to apply for and/or be willing to accept organizational positions that are vacant. External recruitment involves attracting people from outside the organization to apply for vacant positions. There are various sources for obtaining external job candidates. These include advertisements, educational institutions, employment agencies, voluntary applicants, and referrals by present employees.

Once the candidates are attracted to job positions, the management needs to find qualified people to fill the available jobs through the selection process. The selection process consists of seven steps: (1) preliminary screening, (2) application blank, (3) selection tests, (4) comprehensive interviews, (5) reference checks, (6) physical examination, and (7) making the selection. To integrate the newly hired employees into the organization, managers must adopt a systematic socialization process.

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